This unit describes the skills and knowledge required to evaluate societal threats, surprise and uncertainty based on research, intelligence gathering, policy guidelines and planning outcomes. It applies to roles with responsibility for risk mitigation, crisis preparedness, crisis response and recovery functions for communities and/or organisations.A crisis includes varying events of significant disruption that can have broad effects on relationships among community and/or organisation members. It is characterised by high levels of adversity, ambiguity, uncertainty, opportunity and change. Leaders in a crisis need to independently make sense of uncertain situations, creatively seek solutions and apply judgment and decision making in highly pressurised environments. Emergency services leaders work in highly autonomous roles, within collegiate environments, that require the ability to exercise and display initiative and to design, plan, conduct and report research activities. Emergency service leadership roles are complex requiring the individual to make ethical decisions in variable, evolving and dynamic circumstances.No licensing, legislative or certification requirements apply to unit at the time of publication.